Legislation in Hospital Dentistry: Gaps, Perspectives and Desires

Abstract Objective: To analyze the existing state legislation, including not only the ordinary laws, but also their infralegal regulation and the state legislation on Hospital Dentistry. Material and Methods: A survey was carried out in the databases of the Legislative Assemblies of the Brazilian States and the Federal District, as well as the Regional and Federal Councils of Dentistry in Brazil. Subsequently, a survey was carried out in the databases of the Ministry of Health, State Dental Councils and Federal Dental Council in Brazil. Results: Only 8 Brazilian states have legislation in force regarding hospital dentistry, which represents 29.63% of the federative units. Among the Brazilian regions, the Midwest presented the highest prevalence of the laws found (37.50%), followed by the North (25%) and the other regions with the same coverage (12.50%). Also, an orientation and an ordinance from the Ministry of Health, six resolutions from the Federal Council of Dentistry, and a technical note from the National Health Surveillance Agency were found. Conclusion: Several States do not have rules on the subject, making it imperative to create a federal rule that not only imposes the presence of the dentist, but also regulates the proportion of the team, workload, and availability.

Conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia sobre publicidade e propaganda odontológica / Conocimiento de los cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología sobre publicidad y marketing dental / Dentists' and undergraduate dental students' knowledge of dental advertising and publicity campaigns

A publicidade e a propaganda em Odontologia são ferramentas importantes para o mercado de trabalho, tendo em vista a quantidade de profissionais existentes no setor e a disputa por espaço profissional. Porém, para uma publicidade ética e adequada, são de grande relevância o conhecimento e a aplicação dos princípios existentes no Código de Ética Odontológico (CEO) e nas resoluções atuais sobre o assunto. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção e o conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia de Porto Velho, estado de Rondônia, sobre os aspectos éticos e legais relacionados com publicidade e propaganda em Odontologia, de acordo com as normas atuais. Para realização do estudo observacional descritivo, foi aplicado um questionário com 25 questões sobre o tema a cirurgiões-dentistas e acadêmicos de Odontologia matriculados no sétimo ou no oitavo período de instituições de ensino superior do munícipio de Porto Velho, Rondônia. A amostra foi constituída por 151 indivíduos, dos quais 69 eramcirurgiões-dentistas e 82 acadêmicos de Odontologia. O presente estudo permitiu identificar as principais dúvidas dos acadêmicos e dos profissionais de Odontologia que participaram da pesquisa, evidenciando a falta de esclarecimento sobre alguns pontos do tema, além de ressaltara importância do conhecimento das diretrizes éticas profissionais do CEO (AU).

La publicidad y lo marketing en Odontología son herramientas importantes para el mercado laboral, dado el número de profesionales del sector y la competencia por el espacio profesional. Sin embargo, para una publicidad ética y adecuada, es de gran importancia el conocimiento y aplicación de los principios existentes en el Código de Ética Dental (CEO) y las resoluciones vigentes en la materia. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la percepción y el conocimiento de los cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología de Porto Velho, estado de Rondônia, sobre los aspectos éticos y legales relacionados con la publicidad y el marketing en Odontología, de acuerdo con las normas vigentes. Para realizar el estudio observacional descriptivo, se aplicó un cuestionario con 25 preguntas sobre el tema a cirujanos dentistas y estudiantes de odontología matriculados en el séptimo u octavo período de instituciones de educación superior de la ciudad de PortoVelho, Rondônia. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 151 individuos, de los cuales 69 eran cirujanos dentistas y 82 estudiantes de odontología. El presente estudio permitió identificar las principales dudas de académicos y profesionales de la odontología que participaron de la investigación, destacando la falta de aclaración sobre algunos puntos sobre el tema, además de resaltar la importancia de conocer las pautas éticas profesionales del CEO (AU).

Advertising and publicity are important tools for the dental job market due to the number of professionals in the industry and the competition for professional space. Nevertheless, dentists must know and apply the principles outlined in the Brazilian Dental Code of Ethics (CEO) and current resolutions to ensure ethical and appropriate advertising. This study aimed to evaluate the perception and knowledge of dental surgeons and students in Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil, about the current standards of ethical and legal aspects related to advertising and publicity in dentistry. To carry out this descriptive observational study, a questionnaire with 25 questions was administered to dentists and dental students enrolled in the seventh or eighth semester of higher education institutions in Porto Velho. The sample consisted of 151 subjects, of which 69 were dentists and 82 were dental students. This study enabled us to identify the main questions of the dental students and professionals who participated in the survey, highlighting the lack of clarification on certain aspects of the subject and emphasizingthe importance of knowing the CEO professional ethical guidelines (AU).

Responsabilidad profesional derivada del ejercicio de la odontología en Costa Rica: I Parte / Professional responsibility derived from the practice of dentistry in Costa Rica: Part I

El aumento a nivel mundial de las denuncias por responsabilidad profesional en Ciencias de la Salud hace imprescindible que quienes ejerzan esta profesión deban conocer las implicaciones de su labor, así como cumplir con los principios bioéticos y jurídicos para garantizar una sana relación odontólogo-paciente. Es importante comprender que el ejercicio de la odontología en Costa Rica está regulado por normas, códigos y leyes como cualquier otra actividad humana en un Estado de Derecho.

The number of complaints related to professional liability in health sciences has increased worldwide, it is essential for dental professionals to be aware of the implications of their labor, as well as to comply with bioethical and legal principles to ensure a healthy dentist-patient relationship. It is important to understand that the practice of dentistry in Costa Rica is regulated by norms, codes, and laws like any other human activity in a State governed by the rule of law.

Regulación de la implantología dental en México / Regulation of dental implantology in Mexico

Introducción: los implantes dentales se han convertido en uno de los tratamientos odontológicos con mayor demanda en todo el mundo, no sólo por el nivel máximo de funcionalidad y de estética, sino también debido a su estabilidad, osteointegración y facilidad en su rehabilitación. Es incierto si los implantes dentales se encuentran normados formalmente en México, lo que motiva a la revisión del estado actual. Objetivo: evidenciar el estado actual de la legislación de la práctica de la implantología dental en México a través de una revisión en la literatura. Material y métodos: revisión de las legislaciones existentes en México para la aplicación de implantes dentales y su contraparte en el mundo a través de la evaluación de normas expedidas en América y Europa. Resultados: se contabilizó un total de 17 escuelas de implantes dentales que cuentan con el reconocimiento de la Secretaría de Educación Pública, de las cuales tres son públicas y 14 privadas. Se presentó una discrepancia en los planes de estudio que va de 16 a 36 meses. Las escuelas no contaron con un aval normativo. Las normas internacionales para control de calidad y aplicación de la tecnología en implantes se ubicaron en Canadá, Estados Unidos, España, Reino Unido y Francia. Conclusiones: contar con un antecedente normativo establecido por los países de primer mundo y ausente en México permite evidenciar la necesidad de implementar una Norma Oficial Mexicana que regule la fabricación, distribución y almacenamiento de los implantes dentales en México. A la vez, la revisión sugiere que la Secretaría de Educación Pública norme los créditos mínimos necesarios en las instituciones educativas reconocidas para la formación de recursos humanos que ejercen la implantología dental (AU)

Introduction: dental implants have become one of the dental treatments with the highest demand in the world, not only because of the highest level of functionality and aesthetics, but also because of their stability, osseointegration and ease of rehabilitation. It is uncertain if dental implants are formally regulated in Mexico, which motivates the review of the current status. Objective: to demonstrate the current state of the legislation for the practice of dental implantology in Mexico through a review of the literature. Material and methods: review of the existing legislation in Mexico, for the application of dental implants and its counterpart in the world, through the evaluation of standards issued in America and Europe. Results: a total of 17 dental implant schools that have the recognition of the Ministry of Public Education were counted, of which 3 are public and 14 private. There was a discrepancy in the study plans that ranged from 16 to 36 months. Schools will not have regulatory backing. The international standards for quality control and application of technology in implants were located in Canada, the United States, Spain, the United Kingdom and France. Conclusions: having a normative antecedent established by the countries of the first world and absent in Mexico, allows to demonstrate the need for the implementation of an Official Mexican Standard, which regulates the manufacture, distribution and storage of dental implants in Mexico. At the same time, the review suggests that the Ministry of Public Education regulate the minimum necessary credits in recognized educational institutions, for the training of human resources that practice dental implantology (AU)

Marco jurídico de la prescripción médica en odontología / Legal framework of medical prescription in odontology

La receta médica es la materialización del acto médico a través de la cual el profesional de la salud prescribe a su paciente los fármacos necesarios para aliviar su enfermedad. Existen numerosas sustancias o fármacos que, por sus efectos, no pueden ser ofrecidas al público en general si no es mediante la expedición de una receta médica; por tanto, existen numerosas legislaciones y normas que regulan la prescripción médica con el objetivo de tener un control sobre los fármacos prescritos. A su vez, la receta médica debe tener una estructura específica, misma que está establecida por numerosas leyes y reglamentos sanitarios y que interesantemente es ignorada por múltiples médicos u odontólogos. El objetivo del presente artículo es definir el concepto de prescripción médica, así como indagar en todas las leyes y normas vigentes que regulan la prescripción médica en México (AU)

The medical prescription is the materialization of the medical act through which the health professional prescribes to his patient the necessary drugs to alleviate his illness There are numerous substances or drugs that, due to their effects, cannot be offered to the general public, except through the issuance of a medical prescription, and therefore, there are numerous laws that regulate the medical prescription with the aim of having control over prescribed drugs. In turn, the medical prescription must have a specific structure, which is established by numerous health laws and regulations, and which, interestingly enough, is ignored by many doctors and dentists. The aim of this article is to define the concept of medical prescription as well as to investigate all the current laws and regulations that regulate the medical prescription in Mexico (AU)

Conocimiento sobre odontología legal y la normativa sanitaria por parte de los odontólogos y estomatólogos de la Comunidad Valenciana / Knowledge of legal dentistry and of health regulations by the Dentists and Stomatologists of the Valencian Community

Objetivos: el objetivo principal de este estudio es analizar los conocimientos que poseen los odontólogos y los estomatólogos colegiados en Alicante, Castellón y Valencia, las 3 provincias que conforman la Comunidad Valenciana, acerca de odontología legal y sobre la legislación y normativa sanitaria actual, e intentar cuantificar la relación entre el nivel de formación, la especialidad, la experiencia laboral, el lugar y la figura en el trabajo con el grado de conocimiento.Material y métodosse diseñó y validó una encuesta anónima, de 33 preguntas tipo test. Esta encuesta incluía cuestiones sobre el perfil profesional y preguntas clave acerca del derecho dental actual, ciencias forenses y peritación.Resultadosel nivel de conocimiento es moderado, con solo el 63% de las preguntas respondidas correctamente. Ni el nivel de formación ni la experiencia laboral se correlacionan significativamente con el grado de conocimiento. Los dentistas especializados en odontología general y estética resultaron ser más conocedores de cuestiones éticas. Con respecto al lugar de trabajo, los docentes universitarios tienden a diferenciarse del resto de profesionales en cuanto a los conocimientos legales y éticos, mientras que el perfil de autónomo y empleado muestra un nivel de conocimientos inferior que el resto de la muestra.Conclusioneslas conclusiones obtenidas de este estudio ponen de relieve la necesidad que tienen los dentistas de completar y actualizar sus conocimientos en materia legislativa sanitaria actual y en odontología legal, pues un buen conocimiento significa una garantía para evitar posibles problemas legales, lo que no solo supone una mejor defensa del odontólogo, sino una garantía para la adecuada atención al paciente. (AU)

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to analyze the knowledge of the dentists and stomatologists registered in Alicante, Castellón and Valencia, the three provinces that make up the Valencian Community, in Spain, with regard to legal dentistry and the current health legislation and regulations, and to quantify the relationship between level of training, specialization, work experience, position and workplace with the degree of knowledge.Material and methodsAn anonymous survey was designed and validated, consisting of thirty-three multiple-choice questions. The survey included questions regarding their professional profile and key questions regarding current dental law, forensic science and expertise.ResultsThe level of knowledge is moderate, with only 63% of the questions answered correctly. Neither their level of training nor work experience correlates significantly with their degree of knowledge. Dentists specialized in General and Aesthetics Dentistry were found to be more knowledgeable about ethical issues. Regarding the workplace, those working as university teachers tended to stand out from the other professionals in terms of legal and ethical knowledge whilst self-employed and employee dentists show a lower level of knowledge than the rest of the sample.ConclusionsThe conclusions obtained from this study highlight the need for dentists to complete and update their knowledge of legal dentistry and current health legislation, as having proper knowledge is a means of avoiding possible legal problems, which not only means better legal protection for the dentist but is also a means of guaranteeing adequate patient care. (AU)

Consideraciones normativas y legales del expediente clínico electrónico en odontología / Normative and legal considerations of the electronic clinical record in odontology

La elaboración del expediente clínico es una actividad rutinaria dentro del consultorio dental, éste es la materialización del acto médico, a tra- vés del cual se registra el estado de salud inicial del paciente, así como toda la información relativa al tratamiento recibido. Desde hace algunos años comenzó a promocionarse el expediente clínico electrónico como una herramienta alternativa y novedosa para elaborar este importante documento; sin embargo, la implementación de esta herramienta electrónica no ha podido lograrse en México, dada la gran cantidad de dudas que los odontólogos tienen respecto al conjunto de leyes y normas que regulan al expediente clínico, lo cual genera renuencia por parte de los odontólogos para utilizar esta modalidad de expediente dentro de su consulta diaria. El objetivo del presente artículo es realizar una revisión de la literatura, así como de las leyes y normas vigentes que regulan el expediente clínico en México para esclarecer así la viabilidad de implementarlo dentro del consultorio dental

The preparation of the electronic medical record is a routine activity in the dental office, this is the materialization of the medical act, through which the initial health status of the patient is recorded, as well as all the information related to the received treatment. A few years ago, the electronic clinical record began to be promoted as a novel alternative tool to prepare this important document, however, the implementation of this electronic tool has not been achieved in Mexico, given the large number of doubts that dentists have regarding the set of laws thar regulate the clinical record, which generates reluctance on the part of dentists to use this record modality within their daily consultation. The aim of this article is to carry out a review of the literature, as well as the current laws that regulate the clinical record in Mexico, in order to clarify the feasibility of implementing it within the dental office

Aspectos bioéticos y legales del secreto profesional en odontología / Bioethical and legal aspects of the professional secret in dentistry

Deontology and bioethics regulate the professional actions of doctors and dentists from a human and moral point of view. The dentist collects private information from each of his patients during the interrogation or clinical examination, and it is the dentist's obligation to keep silent about everything he sees or hears during the dental practice about the private life of his patients. The disclosure of secrets without the full authorization of the patient could undoubtedly affect their person, honor and reputation. In addition, the dentist has another type of private information about patients, known as personal data, which must be handled with great care and discretion. Professional secrecy is an ethical obligation of every dentist and its omission may bring legal repercussions. The aim of this article is to analyze the concept of professional secrecy, its ethical, deontological and legal aspects in dental practice (AU)

La deontología y bioética norman el actuar profesional de los médicos y odontólogos desde el punto de vista humano y moral. El odontólogo recaba información privada de cada uno de sus pacientes durante el interrogatorio o la exploración clínica, y es obligación del odontólogo guardar silencio de todo aquello que ve o escucha durante la consulta sobre la vida privada de sus pacientes. La revelación de secretos sin la plena autorización del paciente, podría generar sin duda afectaciones a su persona, honorabilidad y reputación. Además, el odontólogo posee otro tipo de información privada sobre los pacientes, conocida como datos personales, mismos que debe manejar con mucha cautela y discre- ción. El secreto profesional es una obligación ética de todo odontólogo y su omisión puede traer consigo repercusiones legales. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en analizar el concepto de secreto profesional, sus aspectos deontológicos, bioéticos y legales en la práctica odontológica (AU)

La seguridad social: Un derecho y una obligación para el odontólogo y sus trabajadores / Social security: A right and obligation for the dentist and his workers

La seguridad social es un derecho encaminado a asegurar el bienestar de los ciudadanos que forman parte de una comunidad, y su objetivo principal es brindar a las personas aseguradas un conjunto de medidas públicas que ayuden a la protección de su salud por accidentes de trabajo o enfermedad laboral, desempleo, invalidez, vejez o muerte. De acuerdo con nuestra legislación, toda persona que preste servicios laborales a otro, tiene derecho a ser registrado ante el seguro social para que, en caso de accidente o enfermedad laboral, exista una ins- tancia que asista al trabajador afectado a recuperar su salud sin afectar su economía familiar. Es bastante frecuente que el odontólogo tenga trabajadores a su cargo, quien al fungir como patrón tiene obligaciones específicas ante el Instituto de Seguridad Social que de no cumplir, puede traer consigo sanciones y amonestaciones al profesional. El objetivo del presente artículo es informar al odontólogo sus derechos y obligaciones ante el seguro social mediante una revisión de las normas y leyes que lo imponen (AU)

Social security is a right aimed at ensuring the well-being of citizens who are part of community, and its main objective is to provide insured persons with a set of public measures that help protect their health, due to accidents at work and occupational disease, unemployment, disability, old age or death. In accordance with our legislation, any person who provides labor services to another has the right to registered with the social security so that, in the event of an accident or occupational disease, there is an instance that assists the affecter worker to recover his health without affecting his familiar economy. It is quite common for the dentist to have workers under his charge, who, acting as an employer, have specific obligations with the Social Security Institute, which, if not fulfilled, can bring sanctions and reprimands to the professional. The aim of this article is to inform dentists about their rights and obligations with the Social Security Institute through a review of the laws that impose it (AU)

Las negligencias más comunes en la práctica odontológica / The most common negligence in dental practice

Para el adecuado ejercicio de la odontología, los procedimientos realizados deben ejecutarse apegándose en todo momento a las normas y principios éticos propios de la profesión. Cuando un odontólogo decide, por voluntad propia, ejercer la profesión sin apegarse a dichos principios, se considera que actúa con negligencia. La negligencia se caracteriza por ser un acto indebido, en el cual el profesional ejecuta por voluntad propia acciones injustificables capaces de producir daños en la salud de los pacientes o en el pronóstico de un tratamiento. Los actos negligentes, además de atentar contra la integridad del paciente, ponen en riesgo a los profesionales de la salud que los cometen de sufrir consecuencias legales derivadas de dichos actos. El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en definir el concepto de negligencia, describir las formas más comunes en las que ésta se comete durante la consulta odontológica así como sus posibles consecuencias legales, ilustrándolas a su vez con la breve presentación de algunos casos (AU)

For the proper practice of dentistry, the procedures performed must be carried out adhering at all times to the standards and ethical principles of the profession. When a dentist voluntarily decides to practice the profession without adhering to these principles, he is considered to be acting negligently. Negligence is characterized as an improper act, in which the professional voluntarily executes unjustifiable actions capable of causing damage to the health of patients or the prognosis of a treatment. Negligent acts, in addition to threatening the integrity of the patient, put health professionals at risk who commit legal consequences derived from these acts. The aim of this article is to define the concept of negligence, to describe the most common ways in which it is committed during the dental practice as well as its legal consequences, illustrating them in turn with a brief presentation of some cases (AU)

Consideraciones legales sobre las notas de evolución en odontología / Legal considerations on medical charts in dentistry

El expediente clínico es considerado un documento de importancia médica y legal en donde se integran los datos necesarios para registrar el diagnóstico y los tratamientos realizados en cada paciente. Uno de los elementos más importantes dentro del expediente clínico son las notas de evolución, documentos con los que el odontólogo informa sobre el estado general del paciente y los tratamientos realizados cita tras cita. Existen legislaciones específicas en México que orientan al estomatólogo sobre los componentes mínimos necesarios que una nota de evolución debe tener; sin embargo, una de las omisiones más comunes de los odontólogos es que, por desconocimiento, no se dé la debida importancia a la elaboración de una adecuada nota de evolución, aumentando el riesgo de problemas legales. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la importancia de las notas de evolución dentro del expediente clínico, destacando su importancia clínica y legal (AU)

The clinical file is considered a document of medical and legal importance where the data necessary to record the diagnosis and the treatments performed on each patient are integrated. One of the most important elements within the clinical records are the medical charts, documents through which de dentist reports on the general condition of the patient and the treatments performed appointment after appointment. There are specific laws in Mexico that guide the stomatologist on the minimum necessary components that a medical chart must have, however, one of the most common omissions of dentist is that, due to ignorance, due importance is not given to the preparation of an adequate medical chart, increasing the risk of legal problems. The aim of this article is to analyze the importance of the evolution charts within the clinical records, highlighting their clinical and legal importance (AU)

Professional legislation knowledge of dentists and psychological effects of negligence.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which a group of general dentists and specialists had knowledge of the professional laws and psychological effects of negligence on them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample in this cross-sectional study consisted of 400 dentists (General dentists and specialists) in Isfahan city, Iran. Having designed the questionnaire and confirmed its validity and reliability, we published online to be completed by the dentists. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA test. Optimal knowledge was determined to be 75%, and P-value<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The majority of the dentists (75%) had poor and very poor knowledge. The mean score of knowledge (range: 0-21, maximum obtainable: 24) was 9.58 ± 4.5. Sixty dentists (15%) reported they had experienced negligence. Further, 278 (69.5%) reported they had somehow experienced the occurrence of malpractice during their practical experience. Legal negligence was more prevalent among the general dentists than specialists (17.8 VS 8%, p < 0.001). Regarding the legal complaint history, a significant difference was observed between the males and females (P = 0.015) and among different categories of work experience years (P = 0.000). Moreover, among those who had a history of a legal complaint, 96.7% showed psychological symptoms, 70% had physical symptoms, and 80% displayed social symptoms related to the stress following legal complaints. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study indicated that refining the knowledge of the rules and regulations of the dental profession should be enhanced by considering appropriate training courses in the curricula and continuous education programs. More than half of the participants considered themselves guilty of negligence in this regard.

Aspectos legales del consentimiento informado en odontología / Legal aspects of informed consent in dentistry

El consentimiento informado forma parte de los elementos que constituyen el expediente clínico. Por su importancia informativa sobre posibles riesgos y complicaciones inherentes al tratamiento a realizar, su elaboración resulta de vital importancia. Existen numerosas legislaciones y normatividades que regulan este notable documento; sin embargo, resulta alarmante que muchos profesionistas omiten su realización o lo elaboran erróneamente, poniéndolos en riesgo de sufrir problemas legales. Además, es una realidad que el consentimiento informado es un documento mal entendido por la mayoría de los profesionistas, pudiendo incurrir en numerosos errores por desconocimiento. El objetivo del presente artículo es informar al cirujano dentista sobre los verdaderos alcances del consentimiento informado con fundamento en la legislación vigente en México (AU)

Informed consent is part of the elements that make up the clinical record. Due to its informative importance on possible risks and complications inherent to the treatment to be carried out, its preparation is of vital importance. There are numerous laws and regulations that regulate this remarkable document, however, it is alarming that many professionals omit its elaboration or wrongly elaborate it, putting them at risk of suffering legal problems. In addition, it is a reality that informed consent is a document misunderstood by most professionals, and may incur numerous errors due to ignorance. The aim of this article is to inform the dental surgeon about the true scope of informed consent based on current legislation in Mexico (AU)

Odontología legal / Legal odontology

El odontólogo tiene especiales obligaciones y responsabilidades que se encuentran claramente descritas en nuestra legislación. Por desgracia, es una realidad que la odontología legal es un área que comúnmente no se incluye en el plan de estudios de la licenciatura en odontología, lo que produce, como consecuencia, que los odontólogos desconozcan en gran parte sus derechos y obligaciones ante el Estado y frente a sus pacientes. El objetivo del presente artículo es indagar sobre los tópicos más relevantes de odontología legal mediante una revisión de la literatura y de conformidad con las legislaciones vigentes en la República Mexicana (AU)

The dentist has specific obligations and responsobilities that are clearly described in our legislation, and unfortunately it is a reality, that legal odontology is an area that is not commonly included in the curriculum of the dental degree, which results in dentists largely unaware of their rights and obligations against the State and against their patients. The aim of this article is to investigate the most relevant topics of legal odontology through a review of the literature and in accordance with the laws in force in the Mexican Republic (AU)

Conhecimento de graduandos em Odontologia sobre a Harmonização Orofacial / Knowledge of Dentistry undergraduates about Orofacial Harmonization

A procura por tratamentos estéticos e rejuvenescedores se apresenta de forma crescente na sociedade, circunstância que também se evidencia na Odontologia, na qual muitos profissionais objetivam, majoritariamente, o realce da beleza do paciente. Nesse quadro, muitos cirurgiões-dentistas têm realizado procedimentos com o objetivo de harmonizar dentes, lábios e face como um todo, o que precisa ser analisado a luz da legislação vigente, considerando também as normas administrativas e resoluções pertinentes. Dessa forma, opresente estudo objetivouaveriguar o conhecimento de graduandos em Odontologia, do primeiro edoúltimo semestre, por meio de um questionário abordandoos aspectos éticos e legais de procedimentos que integram a Harmonização Orofacial, assim como as fontes informações sobre o assunto.Foi possível observar que,no primeiro semestredo curso,grande parte das respostas abrange a permissibilidade dos procedimentos, fato que difere das respostas dos estudantesdo último semestre, os quais consideram, predominantemente,taisprocedimentos como nãopertinentes àárea de competênciado cirurgião-dentista. Isto posto,fica evidenciadaa importância do ensino frente à formação de um perfil crítico e reflexivo durante agraduação,visto a divergência entre o entendimento dos participantesdo primeiro e último do semestre quanto a permissibilidade dos procedimentos (AU).

The demand for aesthetic and rejuvenating treatments is increasing in society and it is also evident in Dentistry, in which many professionals aim to highlight the beauty of the patient. In this context, many dentists are doing procedures to harmonizing teeth, lips and face as a whole set. This situation needs to be analyzed based in current legislation, also considering the administrative rules and resolutions. The present study aimed to verify the knowledge of undergraduate students in Dentistry from the first and the last semester of the graduation, through a questionnaire with ten questions about the ethical and legal aspects of procedures that integrate the Orofacial Harmonization, as well as the sources of information about the issue. It was possible to observe that in the first semester, most of the answers include the permissibility of the procedures, fact that differs from the answers of the students from the last semester, because they consider as prohibited procedures for dentists. Thus, it is evidenced the importance of the Forensic Dentistry in formation of a critical and reflexive profile of the students during the undergraduate courses, given the divergence between the understanding of participants from the first and the last semester about the permissibility of the procedures (AU).

Formação e trabalho dos cirurgiões-dentistas na União Europeia / Training and work of dental surgeons in the European Union

O objetivo doestudo é apresentar a situação atual da de Odontologia na União Europeia, no que tange à formação, ao trânsito de cirurgiões-dentistas,àregulação profissional e às especialidadesodontológicas. Para tanto, pautou-se em uma análise documental e revisão bibliográfica da literatura. Foram incluídos apenas artigos científicos publicados na íntegra, em português ou inglês, no período de 2009 a 2018, que estivessem relacionados ao tema da pesquisa. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACSe PubMed, por meio da combinação dos descritores: "Trabalho/Work", "Odontologia/Odontology", "Educação Superior/Education, Higher", "União Europeia/European Union". O estudo demonstrou que a União Europeiadetém em uma só legislação normas que regulam o trânsito dos cirurgiões-dentistas, embora o domínio da língua pareça ser um entrave à circulação. Ademais, a harmonização da formação da Odontologiafoi pactuada no bloco. Nesse sentido, a União Europeiamanda recados para o MERCOSUL, do qual o Brasilfaz parte.Interessante e necessária é a absorção pelo MERCOSUL das experiências exitosas e desfechos já encontrados pela União Europeia, nesse desafio de planificar a educação superior e o trânsito decirurgiões-dentistas, considerando as peculiaridades que o compõem (AU).

The aim of the study is to present the current situation of Dentistry in the European Union, with regard to the training, international mobility of dentists, professional regulation and dental specialties. In order to do so, a documental analysis and review of the literature was carried out. Only scientific articles published in full, in Portuguese or English, from 2009 to 2018, that were related to the research topic were included. The search for the articles was carried out in the SciELO, LILACS and PubMed databases, through the combination of the descriptors: "Work", "Dentistry", "Higher Education", "European Union". The study showed that the European Union has in one legislation rules that regulate the mobility of dentists, although the issue of the language seems to be an obstacle to such circulation. Furthermore, the harmonization of the formation of Dentistry was agreed among members of the bloc. In this sense, the European Union sends messages to MERCOSUL, group in which Brazil is a member. The absorption by MERCOSUL of the successful experiences and outcomes already found by the European Union is somehow interesting and necessary, in a matter of higher education and the mobility of dentists, considering the peculiarities that compose it (AU).

Dental Legal Cases ­ Recent Judicial and Extrajudicial Legal Cases Concerning Dental Practice in Switzerland / Zahnärztliche Rechtsfälle. Neuere gerichtliche und aussergerichtliche Rechtsfälle im Rahmen der zahnärztlichen Berufstätigkeit in der Schweiz

Objective: In the following, legal cases under the Swiss legal system practice concerning dental practice in Switzerland in the fields of criminal, liability and administrative law of the last 20 years will be examined. The objective is to raise awareness of the legal consequences of dental malpractices on the basis of real cases and to make specific suggestions for improvement, which can ultimately contribute to improving the quality of dental practice. Methods: Relevant legal cases in the fields of criminal, liability and administrative law were collected with the help of electronic data bases and cantonal courts. Results: The results consist of nineteen court decisions, which in essence concern the withdrawal of professional licenses, prohibition from practice, bodily injury offenses and forgery of certificates. In fifteen of these nineteen cases, the dentist is found guilty by at least one court, in two of them the concerned is acquitted by all the courts mentioned, and in another two, the dentist is convicted for working without an appropriate license. Discussion: It amounts to the fact that dentists should be fully aware of the legal system and communicate transparently. Moreover, it would be appropriate for patients to stand up for their rights but not to take inappropriate legal action. Furthermore, the Swiss legal system could help to reduce the number of unlawfully issued professional licenses by establishing an intercantonal database.

Revisión de los diferentes tipos de rellenos periorales y sus aplicaciones en odontología / Review of the different types of perioral fillers and their odontological applications

La aplicación de materiales de relleno como alternativa a las intervenciones quirúrgicas estéticas con el fin de corregir defectos faciales en la piel tales como arrugas o imperfecciones, es una práctica que cada vez es más demandada por los pacientes en el día a día en la consulta. Existen distintos materiales capaces de devolver a la piel ese volumen perdido con los años. Estos, se clasifican en función de su composición y de su duración. El ácido hialurónico es el material de relleno más empleado por los odontólogos al gozar de un gran éxito por ser efectivo y versátil además es un producto seguro, ya que sus posibles complicaciones son mínimas

The application of filling materials as an alternative to aesthetic surgical interventions, in order to correct facial defects in the skin, such as wrinkles or imperfections, is a practice that is increasingly demanded by patients on a day-to-day basis in the practice.There are several materials capable of returning the skin that volume lost over the years. These are classified according to their duration and duration.Hyaluronic acid is the most used filling material for dentists to enjoy great success because it is effective and versatile, it is also a safe product since it is possible to have minimal problems